1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

​CVSS v3 7.2
​ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
​Vendor: Ovarro
​Equipment: TBox RTUs
​Vulnerabilities: Missing Authorization, Use of Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm, Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere, Insufficient Entropy, Improper Authorization, Plaintext Storage of a Password

2. RISK EVALUATION

​Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could result in sensitive system information being exposed and privilege escalation.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

​The following firmware versions of TBox RTUs are affected: 

​TBox MS-CPU32: Version 1.50.598 and prior (CVE-2023-36607, CVE-2023-36609, CVE-2023-36610, CVE-2023-36611)
​TBox MS-CPU32-S2: Version 1.50.598 and prior (CVE-2023-36607, CVE-2023-36609, CVE-2023-36610, CVE-2023-36611)
​TBox LT2: Version 1.50.598 and prior (CVE-2023-36607, CVE-2023-36609, CVE-2023-36610, CVE-2023-36611)
​TBox TG2: Version 1.50.598 and prior (CVE-2023-36607, CVE-2023-36609, CVE-2023-36610, CVE-2023-36611)
​TBox RM2: Version 1.50.598 and prior (CVE-2023-36607, CVE-2023-36609, CVE-2023-36610, CVE-2023-36611)
​TBox MS-CPU32: Version 1.46 through 1.50.598 (CVE-2023-36608)
​TBox MS-CPU32-S2: Version 1.46 through 1.50.598 (CVE-2023-36608)
​TBox LT2: Version 1.46 through 1.50.598 (CVE-2023-36608)
​TBox TG2: Version 1.46 through 1.50.598 (CVE-2023-36608)
​TBox RM2: Version 1.46 through 1.50.598 (CVE-2023-36608)
​TBox MS-CPU32: All versions (CVE-2023-3395)
​TBox MS-CPU32-S2: All versions (CVE-2023-3395)
​TBox LT2: All versions (CVE-2023-3395)
​TBox TG2: All versions (CVE-2023-3395)
​TBox RM2: All versions (CVE-2023-3395)

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 ​MISSING AUTHORIZATION CWE-862

​The affected TBox RTUs are missing authorization for running some API commands. An attacker running these commands could reveal sensitive information such as software versions and web server file contents.

​CVE-2023-36607 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

3.2.2 USE OF A BROKEN OR RISKY CRYPTOGRAPHIC ALGORITHM CWE-327

​The affected TBox RTUs store hashed passwords using MD5 encryption, which is an insecure encryption algorithm.

​CVE-2023-36608 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

3.2.3 ​INCLUSION OF FUNCTIONALITY FROM UNTRUSTED CONTROL SPHERE CWE-829

​The affected TBox RTUs run OpenVPN with root privileges and can run user defined configuration scripts. An attacker could set up a local OpenVPN server and push a malicious script onto the TBox host to acquire root privileges.

​CVE-2023-36609 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.2 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.4 INSUFFICIENT ENTROPY CWE-331

​The affected TBox RTUs generate software security tokens using insufficient entropy. The random seed used to generate the software tokens is not initialized correctly, and other parts of the token are generated using predictable time-based values. An attacker with this knowledge could successfully brute force the token and authenticate themselves.

​CVE-2023-36610 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.9 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

3.2.5 ​IMPROPER AUTHORIZATION CWE-285

​The affected TBox RTUs allow low privilege users to access software security tokens of higher privilege. This could allow an attacker with “user” privileges to access files requiring higher privileges by establishing an SSH session and providing the other tokens.

​CVE-2023-36611 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

3.2.6 ​PLAINTEXT STORAGE OF A PASSWORD CWE-256

​All versions of the TWinSoft Configuration Tool store encrypted passwords as plaintext in memory. An attacker with access to system files could open a file to load the document into memory, including sensitive information associated with document, such as password. The attacker could then obtain the plaintext password by using a memory viewer.

​CVE-2023-3395 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

​CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Water and Wastewater, Energy, Transportation, Communications
​COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
​COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: England

3.4 RESEARCHER

​Floris Hendriks and Jeroen Wijenbergh of Radboud University reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

​Ovarro recommends users update the affected products to the latest version by downloading the newest software version from the Ovarro website in the “Customer Support” section.

​In addition to applying patches, Ovarro has identified the following workarounds:

​CVE-2023-36607: Disable SSH access through the integrated firewall and disable the user account SSH access by emptying its password in the application.

​CVE-2023-36608: Update to TWinSoft version 12.7.2 or later, which includes firmware version 1.50.598.

​CVE-2023-36609: Update to TWinSoft version 12.7.2 or later, which includes firmware version 1.50.598.

​CVE-2023-36610: Disable SSH access through the integrated firewall and disable the user account SSH access by emptying its password in the application. Setting a password on the application will also cause the retrieved application to be encrypted.

​CVE-2023-36611: Disable SSH access through the integrated firewall and disable the user account SSH access by emptying its password in the application. Setting a password on the application will also cause the retrieved application to be encrypted.

​CVE-2023-3395: Use password protected files within the TBox software. This will prevent attackers from opening files to load passwords into memory in plaintext.

​CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability these vulnerabilities. Specifically, users should:

​Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure they are not accessible from the Internet.
​Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolate them from business networks.
​When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as its connected devices.

​CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

​CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

​Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

​Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

​No known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities.

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CVSS v3 4.0
ATTENTION: High attack complexity
Vendor: Hitachi Energy
Equipment: FOXMAN-UN, UNEM Products
Vulnerability: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could permit an attacker to access sensitive information.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following versions of FOXMAN-UN and UNEM, network management system toolsets, are affected:

FOXMAN-UN: Version R16A
FOXMAN-UN: Version R15B
FOXMAN-UN: Version R15A
UNEM: Version R16A
UNEM Version R15B
UNEM: Version R15A

The following version and sub-versions of FOXMAN-UN and UNEM, network management system toolsets, are affected:

FOXMAN-UN: Version R14B 
FOXMAN-UN: Version R14A 
FOXMAN-UN: Version R11B 
FOXMAN-UN: Version R11A 
FOXMAN-UN: Version R10C 
FOXMAN-UN: Version R9C 
UNEM: Version R14B 
UNEM: Version R14A 
UNEM: Version R11B 
UNEM: Version R11A 
UNEM: Version R10C 
UNEM: Version R9C 

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 IMPROPER OUTPUT NEUTRALIZATION FOR LOGS CWE-117

The affected product is vulnerable to an improper output neutralization for logs, which could allow an attacker to forge log entries or inject malicious content into logs.

CVE-2023-1711 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.0 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy
COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Switzerland

3.4 RESEARCHER

Hitachi Energy reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Recommended Mitigations for the following FOXMAN-UN and UNEM products: 

FOXMAN-UN: Version R16A, update to FOXMAN-UN R16B when released or apply general mitigation factors.
FOXMAN-UN: Version R15B, update to FOXMAN-UN R16B when released or apply general mitigation factors.
FOXMAN-UN: Version R15A, this is an end-of-life version thus no fix will be provided. Apply general mitigation factors.
FOXMAN-UN: Version R14B, this is an end-of-life version thus no fix will be provided. Apply general mitigation factors.
FOXMAN-UN: Version R14A, this is an end-of-life version thus no fix will be provided. Apply general mitigation factors.
FOXMAN-UN: Version R11B, this is an end-of-life version thus no fix will be provided. Apply general mitigation factors.
FOXMAN-UN: Version R11A, this is an end-of-life version thus no fix will be provided. Apply general mitigation factors.
FOXMAN-UN: Version R10C, this is an end-of-life version thus no fix will be provided. Apply general mitigation factors.
FOXMAN-UN: Version R9C, this is an end-of-life version thus no fix will be provided. Apply general mitigation factors.
UNEM: Version R16A, update to UNEM R16B when released or apply general mitigation factors.
UNEM: Version R15B, update to UNEM R16B when released or apply general mitigation factors.
UNEM: Version R15A, this is an end-of-life version thus no fix will be provided. Apply general mitigation factors.
UNEM: Version R14B, this is an end-of-life version thus no fix will be provided. Apply general mitigation factors.
UNEM: Version R14A, this is an end-of-life version thus no fix will be provided. Apply general mitigation factors.
UNEM: Version R11B, this is an end-of-life version thus no fix will be provided. Apply general mitigation factors.
UNEM: Version R11A, this is an end-of-life version thus no fix will be provided. Apply general mitigation factors.
UNEM: Version R10C, this is an end-of-life version thus no fix will be provided. Apply general mitigation factors.
UNEM: Version R9C, this is an end-of-life version thus no fix will be provided. Apply general mitigation factors.

Hitachi Energy recommends the following general mitigation factors and security practices: 

Configure firewalls to protect process control networks from attacks originating from outside the network.
Physically protect process control systems from direct access by unauthorized personnel.
Avoid directly connecting control systems to the internet.
Separate process control networks from other networks using a firewall system with a minimal number of exposed ports.
Process control systems should not be used for Internet surfing, instant messaging, or receiving emails.
Portable computers and removable storage media should be carefully scanned for viruses before connecting to a control system.
Enforce proper password policies and processes.

For more information, see Hitachi Energy advisories 8DBD000155 and 8DBD000166.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability. Specifically, users should:

Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure they are not accessible from the Internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolate them from business networks.
When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as its connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploits specifically target this vulnerability. This vulnerability is not exploitable remotely.

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

​CVSS v3 9.8
​ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
​Vendor: Advantech
​Equipment: R-SeeNet
​Vulnerability: Hard Coded Password, External Control of File Name or Path

2. RISK EVALUATION

​Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to authenticate as a valid user or access files on the system.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

​Advantech reports these vulnerabilities affects the following R-SeeNet monitoring application:

​R-SeeNet: versions 2.4.22 and prior

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

​3.2.1 USE OF HARD-CODED CREDENTIALS CWE-798

​Advantech R-SeeNet is installed with a hidden root-level user that is not available in the users list. This hidden user has a password that cannot be changed by users.

​CVE-2023-2611 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.2 ​EXTERNAL CONTROL OF FILE NAME OR PATH CWE-73

​Advantech R-SeeNet allows low-level users to access and load the content of local files.

​CVE-2023-3256 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.3 BACKGROUND

​CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing, Energy, Water and Wastewater Systems
​COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
​COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Taiwan

3.4 RESEARCHER

​Esjay (@esj4y), working with Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative, reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

​Advantech released R-SeeNet 2.4.23, which fixes both vulnerabilities. All users are recommended to upgrade to this version: https://icr.advantech.cz/products/software/r-seenet

​CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. Specifically, users should:

​Ensure the least-privilege user principle is followed.
​Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure they are not accessible from the Internet.
​Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolate them from business networks.
​When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as virtual private networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as its connected devices.

​CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

​CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

​Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

​Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

​CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

​Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
​Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
​Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

​No known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities. These vulnerabilities are exploitable remotely. These vulnerabilities have low attack complexity.

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CVSS v3 4.9
ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
Vendor: SpiderControl
Equipment: SCADAWebServer
Vulnerability: Path Traversal

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could result in a denial-of-service condition

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following versions of SCADAWebServer are affected:

SCADAWebServer: Versions 2.08 and prior

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 IMPROPER LIMITATION OF A PATHNAME TO A RESTRICTED DIRECTORY (‘PATH TRAVERSAL’) CWE-22

SpiderControl SCADA Webserver versions 2.08 and prior are vulnerable to path traversal. An attacker with administrative privileges could overwrite files on the webserver using the HMI’s upload file feature. This could create size zero files anywhere on the webserver, potentially overwriting system files and creating a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-3329 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.3 BACKGROUND

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing, Commercial Facilities
COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide (Primarily Europe)
COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Switzerland

3.4 RESEARCHER

Yang Liu from ELEX FEIGONG RESEARCH INSTITUTE of Elex CyberSecurity, Inc. reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

SpiderControl recommends users update their systems to the latest version.

SpiderControl recommends users apply the following mitigations:

If doing development work on the device, after the development phase is finished, switch off the file upload feature. To do this, go to the file C:wwwZelsWebServ.xml and set the property “file_upload_en” to 0 like so: 0 . This will mitigate the vulnerability in all older versions, and should also be done for the current version in order to prevent unwanted access to the Web-servers html file directory.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability. Specifically, users should:

Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure they are not accessible from the Internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolate them from business networks.
When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as virtual private networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as its connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploits specifically target this vulnerability.

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CVSS v3 6.3
ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
Vendor: Enphase
Equipment: Envoy
Vulnerability: OS Command Injection

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to gain root access to the affected product.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following version of Enphase Envoy, an energy monitoring device, is affected:

Envoy: D7.0.88

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS USED IN AN OS COMMAND (‘OS COMMAND INJECTION’) CWE-78

Enphase Envoy versions D7.0.88 and prior are vulnerable to a command injection exploit that may allow an attacker to execute root commands.

CVE-2023-33869 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).

3.3 BACKGROUND

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy
COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United States

3.4 RESEARCHER

OBSWCY3F reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Enphase Energy has not responded to requests to work with CISA to mitigate this vulnerability. Users of the affected products are encouraged to contact Enphase Energy support for additional information.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability. Specifically, users should:

Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure they are not accessible from the Internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolate them from business networks.
When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as virtual private networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as its connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploits specifically target this vulnerability.

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CVSS v3 8.6 
ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
Vendor: Enphase
Equipment: Enphase Installer Toolkit
Vulnerability: Use of Hard-coded Credentials

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow sensitive information to be obtained by an attacker using hard-coded credentials.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following version of Enphase Installer Toolkit, a software application, is affected: 

Installer Toolkit: 3.27.0

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 USE OF HARD-CODED CREDENTIALS CWE-798

Enphase Installer Toolkit versions 3.27.0 and prior have hard coded credentials embedded in binary code in the Android application. An attacker can exploit this and gain access to sensitive information.

CVE-2023-32274 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy
COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United States

3.4 RESEARCHER

OBSWCY3F reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Enphase Energy has not responded to requests to work with CISA to mitigate this vulnerability. Users of the affected product are encouraged to contact Enphase Energy support for additional information.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability. Specifically, users should:

Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure they are not accessible from the Internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolate them from business networks.
When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as virtual private networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as its connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploits specifically target this vulnerability.

As of January 10, 2023, CISA will no longer be updating ICS security advisories for Siemens product vulnerabilities beyond the initial advisory. For the most up-to-date information on vulnerabilities in this advisory, please see Siemens’ ProductCERT Security Advisories (CERT Services | Services | Siemens Global).

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CVSS v3 9.9
ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
Vendor: Siemens
Equipment: SIMATIC PCS 7, SIMATIC S7-PM, SIMATIC STEP 7 V5
Vulnerability: Improper Control of Generation of Code (‘Code Injection’)

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow remote users with low privileges to use embedded functions of the database (local or in a network share) that have impact on the server.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following products from Siemens are affected: 

SIMATIC PCS 7: All versions
SIMATIC S7-PM: All versions
SIMATIC STEP 7 V5: All versions prior to V5.7

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 IMPROPER CONTROL OF GENERATION OF CODE (‘CODE INJECTION’) CWE-94

The affected product contains a database management system that could allow remote users with low privileges to use embedded functions of the database (local or in a network share) that have impact on the server. An attacker with network access to the server network could leverage these embedded functions to run code with elevated privileges in the database management system’s server.

CVE-2023-25910 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.9 has been assigned. The CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.3 BACKGROUND

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Multiple
COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER

Siemens reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Siemens has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:

If only one Engineering System is in use, consider changing to “Single terminal system” mode in the “Configure SIMATIC Workspace/Workstation” application, under the “Workstation Configuration” tab. Restart the computer. More details can be found in the following FAQ: https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109821340/
SIMATIC STEP 7 V5: Update to V5.7 or later version
SIMATIC PCS 7: Currently no fix is available
SIMATIC S7-PM: Currently no fix is planned
SIMATIC S7-PM: Switch to “Single terminal system” (as described in the section Workarounds and Mitigations). Alternatively, consider migrating the STEP 7 project to the latest version of TIA Portal and uninstall S7-PM

As a general security measure, Siemens recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. To operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends configuring the environment according to Siemens’ operational guidelines for industrial security and following recommendations in the product manuals.

Additional information on industrial security by Siemens can be found on the Siemens industrial security webpage.

For more information see the associated Siemens security advisory SSA-968170 in HTML and CSAF.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability. Specifically, users should:

Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure they are not accessible from the Internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolate them from business networks.
When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as its connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploits specifically target this vulnerability.

​​As of January 10, 2023, CISA will no longer be updating ICS security advisories for Siemens product vulnerabilities beyond the initial advisory. For the most up-to-date information on vulnerabilities in this advisory, please see Siemens’ ProductCERT Security Advisories (CERT Services | Services | Siemens Global).

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

​CVSS v3 7.2
​ATTENTION: Low attack complexity
​Vendor: Siemens
​Equipment: SICAM A8000 Devices
​Vulnerabilities: Command Injection, Use of Hard-coded Credentials, Exposed Dangerous Method or Function

2. RISK EVALUATION

​Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker, with direct physical access, to crack the root password to login to the device or remotely execute arbitrary code with root privileges. 

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

​The following products from Siemens are affected:

​CP-8031 MASTER MODULE (6MF2803-1AA00): All versions prior to CPCI85 V05
​CP-8050 MASTER MODULE (6MF2805-0AA00): All versions prior to CPCI85 V05

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 ​IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS USED IN A COMMAND (‘COMMAND INJECTION’) CWE-77

​The web interface of affected devices is vulnerable to command injection due to missing server-side input sanitation. This could allow an authenticated privileged remote attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges.

​CVE-2023-33919 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.2 has been calculated. The CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.2 ​USE OF HARD-CODED CREDENTIALS CWE-798

​The affected devices contain the hash of the root password in a hard-coded form, which could be exploited for UART console login to the device. An attacker with direct physical access could exploit this vulnerability.

​CVE-2023-33920 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.8 has been calculated. The CVSS vector string is (AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.3 ​EXPOSED DANGEROUS METHOD OR FUNCTION CWE-749

​The affected devices contain an exposed UART console login interface. An attacker with direct physical access could try to brute force or crack the root password to login to the device.

​CVE-2023-33921 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.8 has been calculated. The CVSS vector string is (AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.3 BACKGROUND

​CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Multiple Sectors

​COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide

​COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER

​SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab, on behalf of Netz Niederösterreich GmbH, EVN Gruppe reported these vulnerabilities to Siemens.

4. MITIGATIONS

​Siemens recommends updating the following products to the latest version:

​CP-8050 MASTER MODULE (6MF2805-0AA00): Update to CPCI85 V05 or later version
​CP-8031 MASTER MODULE (6MF2803-1AA00): Update to CPCI85 V05 or later version

​Operators of critical power systems (e.g., TSOs or DSOs) worldwide are usually required by regulations to build resilience into the power grids by applying multi-level redundant secondary protection schemes. It is therefore recommended that the operators check whether appropriate resilient protection measures are in place. The risk of cyber incidents impacting the grid’s reliability can thus be minimized by virtue of the grid design. Siemens strongly recommends applying the provided security updates using the corresponding tooling and documented procedures made available with the product. If supported by the product, an automated means to apply the security updates across multiple product instances may be used. Siemens strongly recommends prior validation of any security update before being applied, and supervision by trained staff of the update process in the target environment. As a general security measure Siemens strongly recommends protecting network access with appropriate mechanisms (e.g., firewalls, segmentation, VPN). It is advised to configure the environment according to our operational guidelines to run the devices in a protected IT environment.

​Recommended security guidelines can be found at: https://www.siemens.com/gridsecurity.

​For further inquiries on security vulnerabilities in Siemens products and solutions, please contact the Siemens ProductCERT.

​As a general security measure, Siemens recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. To operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends configuring the environment according to Siemens’ operational guidelines for industrial security and following recommendations in the product manuals.

​Additional information on industrial security by Siemens can be found on the Siemens industrial security webpage.

​For more information see the associated Siemens security advisory SSA-731916 in HTML and CSAF.

​CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

​CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

​Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

​Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

​No known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities.