View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CVSS v4 8.4
ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
Vendor: AVEVA
Equipment: PI Web API
Vulnerability: Deserialization of Untrusted Data

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to perform remote code execution.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following versions of AVEVA PI Web API, a RESTful interface to the PI system, are affected:

AVEVA PI Web API: Versions 2023 and prior

3.2 Vulnerability Overview

3.2.1 Deserialization of Untrusted Data CWE-502

There is a vulnerability in AVEVA PI Web API that could allow malicious code to execute on the PI Web API environment under the privileges of an interactive user that was socially engineered to use API XML import functionality with content supplied by an attacker.

CVE-2024-3468 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-3468. A base score of 8.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United Kingdom

3.4 RESEARCHER

AVEVA reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

AVEVA recommends that organizations evaluate the impact of these vulnerabilities based on their operational environment, architecture, and product implementation. Customers using affected products should apply security updates as soon as possible:

From OSI Soft Customer Portal, search for “PI Web API” and select version “2023 SP1” or later.

(Alternative) PI Web API 2021 SP3 can be fixed by upgrading PI AF Client to one of the versions specified in AVEVA Security Bulletin AVEVA-2024-004 / ICSA-24-163-03

AVEVA further recommends users follow general defensive measures:

Set “DisableWrites” configuration setting to true, if this instance of PI Web API is used only for reading data or GET requests.
Uninstall Core Endpoints feature if this instance of PI Web API is used only for data collection from AVEVA Adapters. Keep OMF feature installed.
Limit AF Servers’ Administrators, so that most of the PI Web API user accounts don’t have the permission to change the backend AF servers.

For additional information please refer to AVEVA-2024-003

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

June 11, 2024: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CVSS v4 8.3
ATTENTION: Low attack complexity
Vendor: Rockwell Automation
Equipment: ControlLogix, GuardLogix, CompactLogix
Vulnerability: Always-Incorrect Control Flow Implementation

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could compromise the availability of the device.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Rockwell Automation reports that the following controllers are affected:

ControlLogix 5580: V34.011
GuardLogix 5580: V34.011
1756-EN4: V4.001
CompactLogix 5380: V34.011
Compact GuardLogix 5380: V34.011
CompactLogix 5380: V34.011
ControlLogix 5580: V34.011
CompactLogix 5480: V34.011

3.2 Vulnerability Overview

3.2.1 Always-Incorrect Control Flow Implementation CWE-670

Rockwell Automation was made aware of a vulnerability that causes all affected controllers on the same network to result in a major nonrecoverable fault (MNRF/Assert). This vulnerability could be exploited by sending abnormal packets to the mDNS port. If exploited, the availability of the device would be compromised.

CVE-2024-5659 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-5659. A base score of 8.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H).

3.3 BACKGROUND

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United States

3.4 RESEARCHER

Rockwell Automation reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Rockwell Automation offers users the following solutions:

ControlLogix 5580: corrected in V34.014, V35.013, V36.011 and later
GuardLogix 5580: corrected in V34.014, V35.013, V36.011 and later
1756-EN4: corrected in V6.001 and later
CompactLogix 5380: corrected in V34.014, V35.013, V36.011 and later
Compact GuardLogix 5380: corrected in V34.014, V35.013, V36.011 and later
CompactLogix 5380: corrected in V34.014, V35.013, V36.011 and later
ControlLogix 5580: corrected in V34.014, V35.013, V36.011 and later
CompactLogix 5480: corrected in V34.014, V35.013, V36.011 and later

Rockwell Automation encourages users of the affected software, who are not able to upgrade to one of the corrected versions, to apply the risk mitigations where possible.

Users who do not use Automatic Policy Deployment (APD) should block mDNS port, 5353 to help prevent communication.
Enable CIP Security. CIP Security with Rockwell Automation Products Application Technique
Security Best Practices

For more information, see Rockwell Automation’s security advisory

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as virtual private networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

June 11, 2024: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CVSS v4 7.0
ATTENTION: Low attack complexity
Vendor: AVEVA
Equipment: PI Asset Framework Client
Vulnerability: Deserialization of Untrusted Data

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow malicious code execution.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following versions of AVEVA PI Asset Framework Client, a tool to model either physical or logical objects, are affected:

PI Asset Framework Client: 2023
PI Asset Framework Client: 2018 SP3 P04 and all prior

3.2 Vulnerability Overview

3.2.1 Deserialization of Untrusted Data CWE-502

There is a vulnerability in AVEVA PI Asset Framework Client that could allow malicious code to execute on the PI System Explorer environment under the privileges of an interactive user that was socially engineered to import XML supplied by an attacker.

CVE-2024-3467 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-3467. A base score of 7.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United Kingdom

3.4 RESEARCHER

AVEVA reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

AVEVA recommends that organizations evaluate the impact of these vulnerabilities based on their operational environment, architecture, and product implementation. Customers using affected products should apply security updates as soon as possible:

(Recommended) All affected versions can be fixed by upgrading to PI AF Client 2023 Patch 1 or later:
From OSI Soft Customer Portal, search for “Asset Framework” and select “PI Asset Framework (AF) Client 2023 Patch 1” or later.
(Alternative) AF Client 2018 SP3 P04 and prior can be fixed by deploying PI AF Client 2018 SP3 Patch 5 or later:
From OSI Soft Customer Portal, search for “Asset Framework” and select either “PI Asset Framework (AF) Client 2018 SP3 Patch 5” or later.

AVEVA further recommends users follow general defensive measures:

Run PI System Explorer as a least privilege interactive account when possible.
Establish procedures for verifying the source of XML is trusted before importing into PI System Explorer.

For additional information please refer to AVEVA-2024-004

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time. This vulnerability is not exploitable remotely.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

June 11, 2024: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CVSS v4 5.1
ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
Vendor: Mitsubishi Electric
Equipment: CC-Link IE TSN Industrial Managed Switch
Vulnerability: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to cause a temporary denial-of service (DoS) condition in the web service on the product.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following versions of CC-Link IE TSN Industrial Managed Switch are affected:

NZ2MHG-TSNT8F2: Versions 05 and prior
NZ2MHG-TSNT4: Versions 05 and prior

3.2 Vulnerability Overview

3.2.1 Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling CWE-770

Mitsubishi Electric CC-Link IE TSN Industrial Managed Switch has an OpenSSL vulnerability that allows an attacker to cause a temporary denial-of service (DoS) condition on the web service of the product by getting a legitimate administrator user to import specially crafted certificate that makes the product experience notable to very long delays.

CVE-2023-2650 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 2.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated forCVE-2023-2650. A base score of 5.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Japan

3.4 RESEARCHER

Mitsubishi Electric reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Mitsubishi Electric recommends users to update to the fixed versions by following the steps below.

[Fixed versions]

CC-Link IE TSN Industrial Managed Switch NZ2MHG-TSNT8F2: Version “06” or later
CC-Link IE TSN Industrial Managed Switch NZ2MHG-TSNT4: Version “06” or later

[Update steps]

Contact your local Mitsubishi Electric representative to obtain the fixed firmware version file for CC-Link IE TSN Industrial Managed Switch.
After logging into NZ2MHG-TSNT8F2 or NZ2MHG-TSNT4 through the web interface, update the firmware to the fixed firmware version file mentioned in the above (1) by the function of [System] -> [System Management] -> [Firmware Upgrade] from Function menu. For the detailed procedures, please refer to “CC-Link IE TSN Industrial Managed Switch User’s Manual (SH-082449ENG)”.

Mitsubishi Electric recommends that customers take the following mitigations to minimize the risk of exploiting this vulnerability:

When internet access is required, use a virtual private network (VPN) or other means to prevent unauthorized access.
Use the products within a LAN and block access from untrusted networks and hosts.
Restrict physical access to the product and your computer and network equipment on the same network.
After you log into NZ2MHG-TSNT8F2 or NZ2MHG-TSNT4 through the web interface, change user name and password from default setting at [Account Management] displayed on the function menu. Also, set the proper access permissions for the users.

For additional information see Mitsubishi Electric advisory 2024-002

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

June 6, 2024: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CVSS v3 9.1
ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
Vendor: Johnson Controls Inc.
Equipment: Software House iStar Pro Door Controller, ICU
Vulnerability: Missing Authentication for Critical Function

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may allow an attacker to perform a machine-in-the-middle attack to inject commands which change configuration or initiate manual door control commands.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Johnson Controls reports that the following products are affected:

Software House iStar Pro Door Controller: All versions
ICU: version 6.9.2.25888 and prior

3.2 Vulnerability Overview

3.2.1 Missing Authentication for Critical Function CWE-306

Under certain circumstances, communication between the ICU tool and an iStar Pro door controller is susceptible to machine-in-the-middle attacks which could impact door control and configuration.

CVE-2024-32752 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-32752. A base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Ireland

3.4 RESEARCHER

Reid Wightman of Dragos reported this vulnerability to Johnson Controls, Inc.

4. MITIGATIONS

The iSTAR Pro controller has reached its end-of-support period and no further firmware updates will be provided. However, the iSTAR Pro has a physical dip switch located on its GCM board, labeled S4, that can be configured to block out communications to the ICU tool. Please consult the iSTAR Pro Installation and Configuration Guide for more details on how to set the dip switch to mitigate this vulnerability.

For more detailed mitigation instructions, please see Johnson Controls Product Security Advisory JCI-PSA-2024-06 v1

Aligning with CISA recommendations, Johnson Controls recommends taking steps to minimize risks to all building automation systems.

CISA provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS web page on us-cert.gov. Several recommended practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with defense-in-depth strategies.

Further ICS security notices and product security guidance are located at Johnson Controls product security website
Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their established internal procedures and report their findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

June 6, 2024: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CVSS v3 9.8
ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
Vendor: Emerson
Equipment: Ovation
Vulnerabilities: Missing Authentication for Critical Function, Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity

CISA is aware of a public report, known as “OT:ICEFALL”, detailing vulnerabilities found in multiple operational technology (OT) vendors. CISA is issuing this advisory to provide notice of the reported vulnerabilities and identify baseline mitigations for reducing risks to these and other cybersecurity attacks.

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow remote code execution, loss of sensitive information, denial-of-service, or allow an attacker to modify the controller configuration.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following Emerson products are affected:

Ovation: Version 3.8.0 Feature Pack 1 and prior

3.2 Vulnerability Overview

3.2.1 MISSING AUTHENTICATION FOR CRITICAL FUNCTION CWE-306

The affected product has several protocols that have no authentication, which could allow an attacker to change controller configuration or cause a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2022-29966 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-29966. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 INSUFFICIENT VERIFICATION OF DATA AUTHENTICITY CWE-345

The affected product was found to have no authentication of firmware signing and relies on an insecure checksum for integrity. This could allow an attacker to push malicious firmware images, cause a denial-of-service condition, or achieve remote code execution.

CVE-2022-30267 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-30267. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy
COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United States

3.4 RESEARCHER

Daniel dos Santos and Jos Wetzels from Forescout Technologies reported these vulnerabilities to CISA

4. MITIGATIONS

Emerson recommends the following:

Upgrade to the currently available release of Ovation 3.8.0 Feature Pack 3 for remediation of many of the identified vulnerabilities.
Users are advised to consider the use of OCR3000 controllers, which offer an extra layer of protection that is not available to older controller models.
Deploy and configure Ovation systems and related components as described in the Cybersecurity for Ovation Systems manual (OVREF1000). Ovation Users’ Group Website (User Manuals | Reference Manuals) (login required)
Users with questions or concerns regarding the impact of these vulnerabilities on Ovation should contact the
Ovation-CERT by email or phone (1-800-445-9723, option 3).

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

June 6, 2024: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CVSS v4 5.6
ATTENTION: Low attack complexity
Vendor: Emerson
Equipment: PACSystem, Fanuc
Vulnerabilities: Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information, Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity Insufficiently Protected Credentials, Download of Code Without Integrity Check

CISA is aware of a public report, known as “OT:ICEFALL”, detailing vulnerabilities found in multiple operational technology (OT) vendors. CISA is issuing this advisory to provide notice of the reported vulnerabilities and identify baseline mitigations for reducing risks to these and other cybersecurity attacks.

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow remote code execution, loss of sensitive information, or a denial-of-service condition.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following Emerson products are affected:

PAC Machine Edition: All versions (CVE-2022-30263, CVE-2022-30265)
PACSystem RXi: All versions (CVE-2022-30263, CVE-2022-30268, CVE-2022-30266)
PACSystem RX3i: All versions (CVE-2022-30263, CVE-2022-30268, CVE-2022-30265)
PACSystem RSTi-EP: All versions (CVE-2022-30263, CVE-2022-30268, CVE-2022-30266, CVE-2022-30265)
PACSystem VersaMax: All versions (CVE-2022-30263, CVE-2022-30265)
Fanuc VersaMax: All versions (CVE-2022-30263, CVE-2022-30268, CVE-2022-30266)

3.2 Vulnerability Overview

3.2.1 CLEARTEXT TRANSMISSION OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION CWE-319

The affected product utilizes a protocol that allows cleartext transmission of credentials. This could allow an attacker to retrieve these over the network and gain control of the PLC, but cryptographically secure authentication using the SRP-6a protocol is supported and recommended. Enabling authentication on the PLC prevents replay attacks, and requires the attacker to intercept and modify an active connection. Implementation of a non-routing control network also requires compromise of the network topology before SRTP packets can be intercepted.

CVE-2022-30263 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-30263. A base score of 4.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N)

3.2.2 INSUFFICIENT VERIFICATION OF DATA AUTHENTICITY CWE-345

The affected products use the Winloader utility to manage firmware updates by serial port or a serial-over-Ethernet link that were found to not use authentication. This could allow an attacker to push malicious firmware images to the controller and cause a denial-of-service condition or allow remote code execution. This vulnerability only effects version of the CPE302, 205, and 310 that were produced before the “-Bxxx” hardware revisions.

CVE-2022-30268 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-30268. A base score of 5.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N)

3.2.3 INSUFFICIENTLY PROTECTED CREDENTIALS CWE-522

The affected product uses a simple hashing scheme by client-side JavaScript. This could allow an attacker to intercept the hashes and strip the hashing scheme to obtain the credentials in plaintext. These credentials are only valid for 5 minutes due to the TLS protocol used, and also requires physical presence to press a button on the device, limiting this attack to being physically present and in a very short window. If this is accomplished, this only allows the attacker to upgrade or downgrade the firmware version. Due to this threat of Man-in-the-Middle attack, documentation recommends limiting physical access to networking equipment, and disabling IP routing on control networks. This vulnerability does not apply to older PLCs without a network-based update process.

CVE-2022-30266 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:P/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-30266. A base score of 4.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:P/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N)

3.2.4 DOWNLOAD OF CODE WITHOUT INTEGRITY CHECK CWE-494

Control logic downloaded to the PLC, which can be either written in one of the IEC 61131-3 languages or written in C and supplied as an ELF binary block, is not cryptographically authenticated.

CVE-2022-30265 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-30265. A base score of 5.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N)

3.3 BACKGROUND

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy
COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United States

3.4 RESEARCHER

Daniel dos Santos and Jos Wetzels from Forescout Technologies reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Emerson recommends the following:

For CVE-2022-30263, see the following sections of PACSystems RXi, RX3i and RSTi-EP Secure Deployment Guide (GFK-2830Y):

2.4 General Recommendations
4.3.3 Secure Login
4.3.4 Recommendations, Paragraph 2
If SRP6-a is not being used to secure authentication, see Section 2.4 General Recommendations and Section 6.1 Reference Architecture
5.2.1.1 Disabling Ethernet Services

For CVE-2022-30268, see the following sections of PACSystems RXi, RX3i and RSTi-EP Secure Deployment Guide (GFK-2830Y):

4.3 Authentication
4.3.4 Recommendations, Paragraph 3
4.3.4.1 Personnel Security Protection
4.3.4.2 Physical Security Perimeter Protection

Emerson has updated the Fanuc VersaMax Secure Deployment Guide (GFK-2955D) to include the above recommendations for CVE-2022-30268.

For CVE-2022-30266, see the following sections of PACSystems RXi, RX3i and RSTi-EP Secure Deployment Guide (GFK-2830Y):

2.4 General Recommendations
5.2.1.1 Disabling Ethernet Services
6.1 Reference Architecture

For CVE-2022-30265, see the following sections of the PACSystems RXi, RX3i and RSTi-EP Secure Deployment Guide (GFK-2830Y):

4.3.4.1 Personnel Security Protection
4.3.4.2 Physical Security Perimeter Protection

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

June 6, 2024: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CVSS v4 4.8
ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity/public exploits available
Vendor: Uniview
Equipment: NVR301-04S2-P4
Vulnerability: Cross-site Scripting

2. RISK EVALUATION

An attacker could send a user a URL that if clicked on could execute malicious JavaScript in their browser.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following version of Uniview NVR, a network video recorder, is affected:

NVR301-04S2-P4: Versions prior to NVR-B3801.20.17.240507

3.2 Vulnerability Overview

3.2.1 Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (‘Cross-site Scripting’) CWE-79

The affected product is vulnerable to reflected cross-site scripting attack (XSS). An attacker could send a user a URL that if clicked on could execute malicious JavaScript in their browser. This vulnerability also requires authentication before it can be exploited, so the scope and severity is limited. Also, even if JavaScript is executed, no additional benefits are obtained.

CVE-2024-3850 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-3850. A base score of 4.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Commercial Facilities
COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: China

3.4 RESEARCHER

CISA discovered a public Proof of Concept (PoC) as authored by Bleron Rrustemi and reported it to Uniview.

4. MITIGATIONS

Uniview encourages users to obtain the fixed version, Uniview NVR-B3801.20.17.240507, and update. You may contact your local dealer, Uniview Service Hotline, or regional technical support for assistance.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the Internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.
CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

June 4, 2024: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CVSS v4 9.3
ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
Vendor: LenelS2
Equipment: NetBox
Vulnerabilities: Use of Hard-coded Password, OS Command Injection, Argument Injection

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to bypass authentication and execute malicious commands with elevated permissions

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following products of LenelS2, a Carrier Brand, are affected:

NetBox: All versions prior to 5.6.2

3.2 Vulnerability Overview

3.2.1 USE OF HARD-CODED PASSWORD CWE-259

LenelS2 NetBox access control and event monitoring system was discovered to contain hard-coded credentials in versions prior to and including 5.6.1, which allows an attacker to bypass authentication requirements.

CVE-2024-2420 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-2420. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS USED IN AN OS COMMAND (‘OS COMMAND INJECTION’) CWE-78

LenelS2 NetBox access control and event monitoring system was discovered to contain an unauthenticated remote code execution in versions prior to and including 5.6.1, which allows an attacker to execute malicious commands with elevated permissions.

CVE-2024-2421 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-2421. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:H/SA:L).

3.2.3 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF ARGUMENT DELIMITERS IN A COMMAND (‘ARGUMENT INJECTION’) CWE-88

LenelS2 NetBox access control and event monitoring system was discovered to contain an authenticated remote code execution in versions prior to and including 5.6.1, which allows an attacker to execute malicious commands.

CVE-2024-2422 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-2422. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Commercial Facilities
COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United States

3.4 RESEARCHER

Noam Moshe of Claroty Team82 reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

These vulnerabilities have been mitigated in NetBox release 5.6.2. It is strongly recommended that users upgrade to NetBox release 5.6.2 by contacting their authorized installer.
Users should follow recommended deployment guidelines found in the NetBox hardening guide found in the NetBox built-in help menu.

For more information, see Carrier’s security bulletin for LenelS2.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this these vulnerabilities, such as:

Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

May 30, 2024: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CVSS v3 9.8
ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
Vendor: Westermo
Equipment: EDW-100
Vulnerabilities: Use of Hard-coded Password, Insufficiently Protected Credentials

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to access the device using hardcoded credentials and download cleartext username and passwords.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following versions of Westermo EDW-100, a Serial to Ethernet converter, are affected:

EDW-100: All versions

3.2 Vulnerability Overview

3.2.1 Use of Hard-coded Password CWE-259

Westermo EDW-100 has a hidden administrator account with a hardcoded password. In the firmware package, in “image.bin”, the username root and the password for this account are both hard-coded and exposed as strings that can trivially be extracted. Currently there is no way to change this password.

CVE-2024-36080 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-36080. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 Insufficiently Protected Credentials CWE-522

Westermo EDW-100 allows an unauthenticated GET request that can download the configuration-file that contains the configuration, username, and passwords in clear-text.

CVE-2024-36081 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-36081. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy, Water and Wastewater Systems, Transportation Systems
COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Sweden

3.4 RESEARCHER

Nicolai Grødum and Sofia Lindqvist of PwC Norway reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

To mitigate the risks associated with these vulnerabilities, Westermo recommends:

Network segregation, perimeter protection, network to network protection, and physical security measures. EDW-100 functions as an industrial serial to ethernet converter. This means that EDW-100 does not in itself have any of the protective measures you require in a modern security posture, EDW-100 should not be placed at the edge of the network but instead deployed using the techniques mentioned in the IEC 62443 standard.

This means the use of network segregation and perimeter protection which can be accomplished by for example deploying a firewall and the use of VLANs.

If data needs to flow into, or out of, the security zone containing EDW-100 it is important to have network to network protection enabled which for example can be applied with a Virtual Private Network (VPN).

It is also crucial to have physical security measures put in place as the unit can be vulnerable to physical attacks and tampering. A recommendation to mitigate this risk is to place the unit in a separate enclosure with locks and alarms if it opened outside of normal maintenance.

While the unit’s design characteristics may necessitate extra precautions, implementing the suggested countermeasures ensures a secure deployment that effectively addresses associated risks.

Westermo recommends replacing EDW-100 with Lynx DSS L105-S1. For further reference see 5-Port Managed Industrial Device Server Switch | L105-S1 ᐈ Westermo.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

May 30, 2024: Initial Publication