View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 7.2
• ATTENTION: Low Attack Complexity
• Standard: ISO 15118-2 Network and Application Protocol Requirements
• Equipment: EV Car Chargers
• Vulnerability: Improper Restriction of Communication Channel to Intended Endpoints

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could result in man-in-the-middle attacks.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following ISO 15118 part is affected:

• ISO 15118 standard: Part 15118-2 Network and Application Protocol Requirements

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 IMPROPER RESTRICTION OF COMMUNICATION CHANNEL TO INTENDED ENDPOINTS CWE-923

By manipulating the Signal Level Attenuation Characterization (SLAC) protocol with spoofed measurements, an attacker can stage a man-in-the-middle attack between an electric vehicle and chargers that comply with the ISO 15118-2 part. This vulnerability may be exploitable wirelessly, within close proximity, via electromagnetic induction.

CVE-2025-12357 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-12357. A base score of 7.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Transportation
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Switzerland

3.4 RESEARCHER

Mark I. Johnson of Southwest Research Institute reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

ISO recommends using TLS for all communications in accordance with ISO 15118-20. While the use of TLS is recommended in ISO 15118-2, it is required in the ISO 15118-20 revision. TLS should be implemented with certificate chaining.

For additional information, please contact the International Electrotechnical Commission.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the Internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time. This vulnerability is not exploitable remotely.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• October 30, 2025: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 8.7
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Hitachi Energy
• Equipment: TropOS
• Vulnerabilities: OS Command Injection, Improper Privilege Management

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow command injections and privilege escalation.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Hitachi Energy reports TropOS wireless devices are affected when using the following firmware versions:

• TropOS 4th Gen Firmware: versions 8.9.6.0 and prior (CVE-2025-1036, CVE-2025-1037)
• TropOS 4th Gen Firmware: versions prior 8.9.6.0 (CVE-2025-1038)

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command (‘OS Command Injection’) CWE-78

Command injection vulnerability exists in the “Logging” page of the web-based configuration utility. An authenticated user with low-privileged network access for the configuration utility can execute arbitrary commands on the underlying OS to obtain root SSH access to the TropOS 4th Gen device.

CVE-2025-1036 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-1036. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 Improper Privilege Management CWE-269

By making minor configuration changes to the TropOS 4th Gen device, an authenticated user with the ability to run user-level shell commands can enable access via secure shell (SSH) to an unrestricted root shell. This is possible through abuse of a particular set of scripts and executables that allow for certain commands to be run as root from an unprivileged context.

CVE-2025-1037 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-1037. A base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command (‘OS Command Injection’) CWE-78

The “Diagnostics Tools” page of the web-based configuration utility does not properly validate user-controlled input, allowing an authenticated user with high privileges to inject commands into the command shell of the TropOS 4th Gen device. The injected commands can be exploited to execute several set-uid (SUID) applications to ultimately gain root access to the TropOS device.

CVE-2025-1038 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-1038. A base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing, Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Switzerland

3.4 RESEARCHER

Riley Barello-Myers from Idaho National Laboratory – CyTRICS reported these vulnerabilities to Hitachi Energy.

4. MITIGATIONS

Hitachi Energy recommends users update to version 8.9.7.0 at the earliest convenience. While reviewing the immediate recommended actions, assess the risk exposure of affected products within the operational environment and update or upgrade if necessary.

For more information, see the associated Hitachi Energy cybersecurity advisory 8DBD000214 Multiple Vulnerabilities in Hitachi Energy TropOS 4th Gen Products: PDF Version, CSAF Version.

Hitachi Energy recommends security practices and firewall configurations to help protect a process control network from attacks that originate from outside the network. Such practices include ensuring that process control systems are physically protected from direct access by unauthorized personnel, have no direct connections to the Internet, and are separated from other networks by means of a firewall system that has a minimal number of ports exposed, and others that have to be evaluated case by case. Process control systems should not be used for browsing the Internet, instant messaging, or receiving e-mails. Portable computers and removable storage media should be carefully scanned for viruses before they are connected to a control system.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as virtual private networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• October 30, 2025: Initial Republication of Hitachi Energy 8DBD000214

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 8.2
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Schneider Electric
• Equipment: EcoStruxure
• Vulnerability: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could result in the loss of real-time process data from the Modicon Controller.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Schneider Electric reports that the following products are affected:

• EcoStruxure OPC UA Server Expert: Versions prior to SV2.01 SP3
• EcoStruxure Modicon Communication Server: All versions

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES WITHOUT LIMITS OR THROTTLING CWE-770

A vulnerability exists related to the allocation of resources without limits or throttling that could cause denial of service for the EcoStruxure OPC UA Server Expert when a large number of OPC UA requests are sent to the server.

CVE-2024-10085 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-10085. A base score of 8.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Commercial Facilities, Critical Manufacturing, Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: France

3.4 RESEARCHER

Jin Huang of ADLab of Venustech reported this vulnerability to Schneider Electric.

4. MITIGATIONS

Schneider Electric has identified the following specific remediations users can apply to reduce risk:

• EcoStruxure OPC UA Server Expert Version SV2.01 SP3 includes a fix for this vulnerability and is available for download.
• If EcoStruxure OPC UA Server Expert users choose not to apply the remediation provided above, they should immediately apply the following mitigations to reduce the risk of exploitation.
• Schneider Electric is establishing a remediation plan for all future versions of EcoStruxure Modicon Communication Server that will include a fix for this vulnerability. They will update SEVD-2025-287-01 when the remediation is available. Until then, users should immediately apply the following mitigations to reduce the risk of exploitation.

Mitigations:

• Set the “Security Policy” to Basic256-Sha256 (default value indicated by unchecked “Security Policy” setting) for secure communication between OPC UA client and server based on OPC UA standard.
• Ensure that the “Anonymous user token” setting remains unchecked (unchecked by default) to prevent anonymous authentication.
• Set “User authentication” setting (checked by default) used to authenticate and authorize OPC UA client.
• Set “X509 user token” setting (checked by default) used to authenticate and authorize OPC UA client. For more details, refer to “EcoStruxure Modicon Server User Guide” chapter “Security Settings”:
• Follow workstation, network, and site-hardening guidelines in the “Recommended Cybersecurity Best Practices”

Schneider Electric strongly recommends the following industry cybersecurity best practices:

• Locate control and safety system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolate them from the business network.
• Install physical controls so no unauthorized personnel can access your industrial control and safety systems, components, peripheral equipment, and networks.
• Place all controllers in locked cabinets and never leave them in the “Program” mode.
• Never connect programming software to any network other than the network intended for that device.
• Scan all methods of mobile data exchange with the isolated network, such as CDs, USB drives, etc. before use in the terminals or any node connected to these networks.
• Never allow mobile devices that have connected to any other network besides the intended network to connect to the safety or control networks without proper sanitation.
• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and systems and ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet.
• When remote access is required, use secure methods such as virtual private networks (VPNs).
  Recognize that VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version
  available. Also, understand that VPNs are only as secure as the connected devices.

For more information, refer to the Schneider Electric Recommended Cybersecurity Best Practices document.

For more information, see the associated Schneider Electric CPCERT security advisory SEVD-2025-287-01 EcoStruxure OPC UA Server Expert and EcoStruxure Modicon Communication Server – PDF Version, CSAF Version.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• October 28, 2025: Initial Republication of Schneider Electric SEVD-2025-287-01

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 9.3
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: AutomationDirect
• Equipment: Productivity Suite
• Vulnerabilities: Relative Path Traversal, Weak Password Recovery Mechanism for Forgotten Password, Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource, Binding to an Unrestricted IP Address

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could enable an attacker to execute arbitrary code, disclose information, gain full-control access to projects, or obtain read and write access to files.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following AutomationDirect Productivity PLCs are affected:

• Productivity Suite: V4.2.1.9 and prior
• Productivity 3000 P3-622 CPU: SW v4.4.1.19 and prior
• Productivity 3000 P3-550E CPU: SW v4.4.1.19 and prior
• Productivity 3000 P3-530 CPU: SW v4.4.1.19 and prior
• Productivity 2000 P2-622 CPU: SW v4.4.1.19 and prior
• Productivity 2000 P2-550 CPU: SW v4.4.1.19 and prior
• Productivity 1000 P1-550 CPU: SW v4.4.1.19 and prior
• Productivity 1000 P1-540 CPU: SW v4.4.1.19 and prior

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 Relative Path Traversal CWE-23

A relative path traversal (ZipSlip) vulnerability was discovered in Productivity Suite software version 4.2.1.8. The vulnerability allows an attacker who can tamper with a productivity project to execute arbitrary code on the machine where the project is opened.

CVE-2025-62498 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-62498. A base score of 8.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 Weak Password Recovery Mechanism for Forgotten Password CWE-640

A weak password recovery mechanism for forgotten password vulnerability was discovered in Productivity Suite software version v4.4.1.19. The vulnerability allows an attacker to decrypt an encrypted project by answering just one recovery question.

CVE-2025-61977 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-61977. A base score of 7.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3 Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource CWE-732

An incorrect permission assignment for a critical resource vulnerability was discovered in Productivity Suite software version 4.2.1.8. The vulnerability allows an attacker with low-privileged credentials to change their role, gaining full control access to the project.

CVE-2025-62688 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-62688. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.4 Binding to an Unrestricted IP Address CWE-1327

A binding to an unrestricted IP address vulnerability was discovered in Productivity Suite software version 4.2.1.8. The vulnerability allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to interact with the ProductivityService PLC simulator and read, write, or delete arbitrary files and folders on the target machine.

CVE-2025-61934 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 10.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-61934. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L).

3.2.5 Relative Path Traversal CWE-23

A relative path traversal vulnerability was discovered in Productivity Suite software version 4.2.1.8. The vulnerability allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to interact with the ProductivityService PLC simulator and read arbitrary files on the target machine.

CVE-2025-58456 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-58456. A base score of 8.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.6 Relative Path Traversal CWE-23

A relative path traversal vulnerabilty was discovered in Productivity Suite software version 4.2.1.8. The vulnerability allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to interact with the ProductivityService PLC simulator and write files with arbitrary data on the target machine.

CVE-2025-58078 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-58078. A base score of 8.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:L/SA:L).

3.2.7 Relative Path Traversal CWE-23

A relative path traversal vulnerabilty was discovered in Productivity Suite software version 4.2.1.8. The vulnerability allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to interact with the ProductivityService PLC simulator and delete arbitrary files on the target machine.

CVE-2025-58429 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-58429. A base score of 8.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:L/SA:L).

3.2.8 Relative Path Traversal CWE-23

A relative path traversal vulnerabilty was discovered in Productivity Suite software version 4.2.1.8. The vulnerability allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to interact with the ProductivityService PLC simulator and create arbitrary directories on the target machine.

CVE-2025-59776 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-59776. A base score of 6.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N).

3.2.9 Relative Path Traversal CWE-23

A relative path traversal vulnerabilty was discovered in Productivity Suite software version 4.2.1.8. The vulnerability allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to interact with the ProductivityService PLC simulator and delete arbitrary directories on the target machine.

CVE-2025-60023 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-60023. A base score of 6.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United States

3.4 RESEARCHER

Luca Borzacchiello of Nozomi Networks reported these vulnerabilities to AutomationDirect.

4. MITIGATIONS

AutomationDirect recommends that users do the following:

• Update the Productivity Suite programming software to version 4.5.0.x or higher.
• Update the firmware of Productivity PLCs to the latest version. https://www.automationdirect.com/support/software-downloads
• Although automation networks and systems come equipped with built-in password protection mechanisms, this represents a fraction of the security measures needed to safeguard these systems.
• It is imperative that automation control system networks integrate data protection and security measures that match, if not exceed, the robustness of conventional business computer systems.
• AutomationDirect advises users of PLCs, HMI products, and SCADA systems to conduct a thorough network security analysis to ascertain the appropriate level of security necessary for their specific application.

AutomationDirect has identified the following mitigations for instances where systems cannot be upgraded to the latest version:

• Physically disconnect the PLC from any external networks, including the internet, local area networks (LANs), and other interconnected systems.
• Configure network segmentation to isolate the PLC from other devices and systems within the organization.
• Implement firewall rules or network access control (NAC) policies to block incoming and outgoing traffic to the PLC.
• Please refer to AutomationDirect’s security considerations for additional information.
• If you have any questions regarding this issue, please contact AutomationDirect Technical Support at 770-844-4200 or 800-633-0405 for further assistance.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• October 23, 2025: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 8.4
• ATTENTION: Low attack complexity
• Vendor: Delta Electronics
• Equipment: ASDA-Soft
• Vulnerability: Stack-based Buffer Overflow

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to write data outside of the allocated memory buffer.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Delta Electronics reports the following versions of ASDA-Soft servo software are affected:

• ASDA-Soft: Version 7.0.2.0 and prior

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 Stack-based Buffer Overflow CWE-121

Delta Electronics ASDA-Soft can write data outside of the intended memory buffer when a valid user opens a maliciously crafted project file.

CVE-2025-62579 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-62579. A base score of 8.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 Stack-based Buffer Overflow CWE-121

Delta Electronics ASDA-Soft can write data outside of the intended memory buffer when a valid user opens a maliciously crafted project file.

CVE-2025-62580 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-62580. A base score of 8.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Taiwan

3.4 RESEARCHER

Guillaume Orlando working with Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Delta Electronics has released an updated version of ASDA-Soft and recommends users install v7.1.1.0 or newer.

For more information, see Delta Electronics advisory Delta-PCSA-2025-00019.

Delta Electronics offers the following general recommendations:

• Do not click on untrusted Internet links or open unsolicited attachments in emails.
• Avoid exposing control systems and equipment to the Internet.
• Place systems and devices behind a firewall and isolate them from the business network.
• When remote access is required, use a secure access method, such as a virtual private network (VPN).

Contact Delta Electronics via their portal page for any product-related support concerns, information, or materials you may require.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time. These vulnerabilities are not exploitable remotely.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• October 23, 2025: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 9.9
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: ASKI Energy
• Equipment: ALS-Mini-S8, ALS-mini-s4 IP
• Vulnerability: Missing Authentication for Critical Function

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to gain full control over the device.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following ASKI Energy products are affected:

• ALS-mini-s4 IP (serial number from 2000 to 5166): All versions
• ALS-mini-s8 IP (serial number from 2000 to 5166): All versions

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 Missing Authentication for Critical Function CWE-306

A critical severity missing authentication vulnerability exists in the embedded web server of the ALS-mini-S4/S8 IP controllers. There is a lack of authentication functionality. Specifically, an attacker can read and modify product configuration parameters without being authenticated.

CVE-2025-9574 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 10.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-9574. A base score of 9.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy, Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Europe
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Austria

3.4 RESEARCHER

Souvik Kandar of MicroSec (microsec.io) reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

ABB, the parent company of ASKI, reports that the affected products reached their end of life in 2022. As these products are no longer supported, there are no plans for a fix. ABB recommends the following mitigations:

• Ensure the product is not exposed to the public internet.
• Within the control system, put the product behind firewall, to strictly control network traffic only from limited whitelisted IPs or alternatively, route the traffic through a secure proxy that enforces authentication and logging.
• Monitor product access using firewall, IDS, or IPS, and configure alerts for any access attempts from non-whitelisted IPs.
• Ensure surrounding systems are fully updated to reduce attack vectors.

Additionally ABB recommends the following work around:

• Physically disconnect the ethernet port if embedded web server is not being used.

The embedded web server and all its functionalities, incl. load monitoring, alarms, remote configuration, etc. will not be accessible. However, the product will continue functioning as normal based on configured control parameters.

For more information, please reference ABB’s security advisory 4TZ00000006007.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• October 23, 2025: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 9.4
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Veeder-Root
• Equipment: TLS4B Automatic Tank Gauge System
• Vulnerabilities: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command (‘Command Injection’), Integer Overflow or Wraparound

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow attackers to execute system-level commands, gain full shell access, achieve remote command execution, move laterally within the network, trigger a denial of service condition, cause administrative lockout, and disrupt core system functionalities.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following versions of Veeder-Root TLS4B Automatic Tank Gauge System are affected:

• TLS4B: Versions prior to 11.A

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS USED IN A COMMAND (‘COMMAND INJECTION’) CWE-77

The TLS4B ATG system’s SOAP-based interface is vulnerable due to its accessibility through the web services handler. This vulnerability enables remote attackers with valid credentials to execute system-level commands on the underlying Linux system. This could allow the attacker to achieve remote command execution, full shell access, and potential lateral movement within the network.

CVE-2025-58428 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-58428. A base score of 9.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).

3.2.2 INTEGER OVERFLOW OR WRAPAROUND CWE-190

The TLS4B ATG system is vulnerable to improper handling of Unix time values that exceed the 2038 epoch rollover. When the system clock reaches January 19, 2038, it resets to December 13, 1901, causing authentication failures and disrupting core system functionalities such as login access, history visibility, and leak detection termination. This vulnerability could allow an attacker to manipulate the system time to trigger a denial of service (DoS) condition, leading to administrative lockout, operational timer failures, and corrupted log entries.

CVE-2025-55067 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-55067. A base score of 7.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United States

3.4 RESEARCHER

Pedro Umbelino of Bitsight reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

(CVE-2025-58428) Veeder-Root recommends users upgrade the TLS4B to Version 11.A.

(CVE-2025-55067) Veeder-Root is aware of the vulnerability and will provide a fix for it. Until a fix is available, users should adhere to the network security best practices provided by Veeder-Root. Additionally, users should make all efforts to protect the borders of their environment to prevent bad actors from infiltrating and causing this issue.

Veeder-Root advises that their ASCs review and implement these best practices for network security with their users, when installing a new console or setting up a network port.

Contact Veeder-Root Technical Support at +1.800.323.1799 for additional help or questions.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• October 23, 2025: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 9.9
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Rockwell Automation
• Equipment: 1783-NATR
• Vulnerabilities: Missing Authentication for Critical Function, Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (‘Cross-site Scripting’), Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could result in a denial-of-service, data modification, or in an attacker obtaining sensitive information.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following versions of 1783-NATR are affected:

• 1783-NATR: All versions prior to 1.006

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 MISSING AUTHENTICATION FOR CRITICAL FUNCTION CWE-306

Multiple Broken Authentication security issues exist in the affected product. The security issues are due to missing authentication checks on critical functions. These could result in potential denial-of-service, admin account takeover, or NAT rule modifications. Devices would no longer be able to communicate through NATR as a result of denial-of-service or NAT rule modifications. NAT rule modification could also result in device communication to incorrect endpoints. Admin account takeover could allow modification of configuration and require physical access to restore.

CVE-2025-7328 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 10.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-7328. A base score of 9.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H).

3.2.2 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF INPUT DURING WEB PAGE GENERATION (‘CROSS-SITE SCRIPTING’) CWE-79

A Stored Cross-Site Scripting security issue exists in the affected product that could potentially allow a malicious user to view and modify sensitive data or make the webpage unavailable. The vulnerability stems from missing special character filtering and encoding. Successful exploitation requires an attacker to be able to update configuration fields behind admin login.

CVE-2025-7329 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-7329. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3 CROSS-SITE REQUEST FORGERY (CSRF) CWE-352

A cross-site request forgery security issue exists in the product and version listed. The vulnerability stems from missing CSRF checks on the impacted form. This allows for unintended configuration modification if an attacker can convince a logged in admin to visit a crafted link.

CVE-2025-7330 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-7330. A base score of 7.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United States

3.4 RESEARCHER

Rockwell Automation reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Rockwell Automation recommends users upgrade their devices to 1.007 or later.

Users of the affected software unable to upgrade to one of the corrected
versions should follow Rockwell Automation’s security best practices.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• October 21, 2025: Initial Republication of Rockwell Automation advisory SD1756

As of January 10, 2023, CISA will no longer be updating ICS security advisories for Siemens product vulnerabilities beyond the initial advisory. For the most up-to-date information on vulnerabilities in this advisory, please see Siemens’ ProductCERT Security Advisories (CERT Services | Services | Siemens Global).

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 7.7
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Siemens
• Equipment: RUGGEDCOM ROS Devices
• Vulnerabilities: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm, Improper Handling of Exceptional Conditions, Protection Mechanism Failure

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow attackers to perform man-in-the-middle attacks, cause denial of service, compromise encrypted communications, and gain unauthorized access to devices until a reboot occurs.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Siemens reports that the following products are affected:

• RUGGEDCOM i800: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RMC8388 V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0
• RUGGEDCOM RMC8388NC V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0 (CVE-2025-41224)
• RUGGEDCOM RP110: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS1600: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS1600F: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS1600T: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS400: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM i801: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS401: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS416: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS416NCv2 V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0 (CVE-2025-41224)
• RUGGEDCOM RS416P: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS416PNCv2 V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0 (CVE-2025-41224)
• RUGGEDCOM RS416Pv2 V4.X: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS416Pv2 V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0
• RUGGEDCOM RS416v2 V4.X: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS416v2 V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0
• RUGGEDCOM RS8000: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM i802: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS8000A: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS8000H: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS8000T: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS900: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS900 (32M) V4.X: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS900 (32M) V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0
• RUGGEDCOM RS900G: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS900G (32M) V4.X: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS900G (32M) V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0
• RUGGEDCOM RS900GNC(32M) V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0 (CVE-2025-41224)
• RUGGEDCOM i803: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS900GP: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS900L: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS900M-GETS-C01: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS900M-GETS-XX: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS900M-STND-C01: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS900M-STND-XX: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS900NC(32M) V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0 (CVE-2025-41224)
• RUGGEDCOM RS900W: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS910: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS910L: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM M2100: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS910W: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS920L: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS920W: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS930L: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS930W: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS940G: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RS969: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2100: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2100 (32M) V4.X: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2100 (32M) V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0
• RUGGEDCOM M2200: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2100NC(32M) V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0 (CVE-2025-41224)
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2100P: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2100P (32M) V4.X: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2100P (32M) V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2100PNC (32M) V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0 (CVE-2025-41224)
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2200: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2288 V4.X: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2288 V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2288NC V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0 (CVE-2025-41224)
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2300 V4.X: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM M969: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2300 V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2300NC V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0 (CVE-2025-41224)
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2300P V4.X: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2300P V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2300PNC V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0 (CVE-2025-41224)
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2488 V4.X: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2488 V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0
• RUGGEDCOM RSG2488NC V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0 (CVE-2025-41224)
• RUGGEDCOM RSG907R: All versions before 5.10.0
• RUGGEDCOM RSG908C: All versions before 5.10.0
• RUGGEDCOM RMC30: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RSG909R: All versions before 5.10.0
• RUGGEDCOM RSG910C: All versions before 5.10.0
• RUGGEDCOM RSG920P V4.X: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• Siemens RUGGEDCOM RSG920P V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0
• RUGGEDCOM RSG920PNC V5.X: All versions before 5.10.0 (CVE-2025-41224)
• RUGGEDCOM RSL910: All versions before 5.10.0
• RUGGEDCOM RSL910NC: All versions before 5.10.0 (CVE-2025-41224)
• RUGGEDCOM RST2228: All versions before 5.10.0
• RUGGEDCOM RST2228P: All versions before 5.10.0
• RUGGEDCOM RST916C: All versions before 5.10.0
• RUGGEDCOM RMC8388 V4.X: All versions (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223)
• RUGGEDCOM RST916P: All versions before 5.10.0

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 USE OF A BROKEN OR RISKY CRYPTOGRAPHIC ALGORITHM CWE-327

The affected products support insecure cryptographic algorithms. An attacker could leverage these legacy algorithms to achieve a man-in-the-middle attack or impersonate communicating parties.

CVE-2023-52236 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-52236. A base score of 6.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 IMPROPER HANDLING OF EXCEPTIONAL CONDITIONS CWE-755

Affected devices do not properly handle malformed TLS handshake messages. This could allow an attacker with network access to the webserver to cause a denial of service resulting in the web server and the device to crash.

CVE-2025-41222 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-41222. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3 USE OF A BROKEN OR RISKY CRYPTOGRAPHIC ALGORITHM CWE-327

The affected devices support the TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 cipher suite, which uses CBC (Cipher Block Chaining) mode that is known to be vulnerable to timing attacks. This could allow an attacker to compromise the integrity and confidentiality of encrypted communications.

CVE-2025-41223 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-41223. A base score of 6.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.4 PROTECTION MECHANISM FAILURE CWE-693

The affected products do not properly enforce interface access restrictions when changing from management to non-management interface configurations until a system reboot occurs, despite configuration being saved. This could allow an attacker with network access and credentials to gain access to the device through non-management and maintain SSH access to the device until reboot.

CVE-2025-41224 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-41224. A base score of 7.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER

Thomas Riedmaier from Siemens Energy reported these vulnerabilities to Siemens.

4. MITIGATIONS

Siemens has released new versions for several affected products and recommends updating to the latest versions. Siemens is preparing further fix versions and recommends countermeasures for products where fixes are not yet available:

• RUGGEDCOM RMC8388 V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RS416Pv2 V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RS416v2 V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RS900 (32M) V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RS900G (32M) V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RSG2100 (32M) V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RSG2100P (32M) V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RSG2288 V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RSG2300 V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RSG2300P V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RSG2488 V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RSG907R, RUGGEDCOM RSG908C, RUGGEDCOM RSG909R, RUGGEDCOM RSG910C, RUGGEDCOM RSG920P V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RSL910, RUGGEDCOM RST2228, RUGGEDCOM RST2228P, RUGGEDCOM RST916C, RUGGEDCOM RST916P: Update to V5.10.0 or later version.
• (CVE-2023-52236): Restrict access to port 80/tcp, 443/tcp and 22/tcp to trusted IP addresses only.
• (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222): Deactivate the webserver if not required, and if deactivation is supported by the product.
• (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222): Deactivate the SSH server if not required, and if deactivation is supported by the product.
• (CVE-2023-52236, CVE-2025-41222, CVE-2025-41223) RUGGEDCOM i800, RUGGEDCOM i801, RUGGEDCOM i802, RUGGEDCOM i803, RUGGEDCOM M2100, RUGGEDCOM M2200, RUGGEDCOM M969, RUGGEDCOM RMC30, RUGGEDCOM RMC8388 V4.X, RUGGEDCOM RP110, RUGGEDCOM RS1600, RUGGEDCOM RS1600F, RUGGEDCOM RS1600T, RUGGEDCOM RS400, RUGGEDCOM RS401, RUGGEDCOM RS416, RUGGEDCOM RS416P, RUGGEDCOM RS416Pv2 V4.X, RUGGEDCOM RS416v2 V4.X, RUGGEDCOM RS8000, RUGGEDCOM RS8000A, RUGGEDCOM RS8000H, RUGGEDCOM RS8000T, RUGGEDCOM RS900, RUGGEDCOM RS900 (32M) V4.X, RUGGEDCOM RS900G, RUGGEDCOM RS900G (32M) V4.X, RUGGEDCOM RS900GP, RUGGEDCOM RS900L, RUGGEDCOM RS900M-GETS-C01, RUGGEDCOM RS900M-GETS-XX, RUGGEDCOM RS900M-STND-C01, RUGGEDCOM RS900M-STND-XX, RUGGEDCOM RS900W, RUGGEDCOM RS910, RUGGEDCOM RS910L, RUGGEDCOM RS910W, RUGGEDCOM RS920L, RUGGEDCOM RS920W, RUGGEDCOM RS930L, RUGGEDCOM RS930W, RUGGEDCOM RS940G, RUGGEDCOM RS969, RUGGEDCOM RSG2100, RUGGEDCOM RSG2100 (32M) V4.X, RUGGEDCOM RSG2100P, RUGGEDCOM RSG2100P (32M) V4.X, RUGGEDCOM RSG2200, RUGGEDCOM RSG2288 V4.X, RUGGEDCOM RSG2300 V4.X, RUGGEDCOM RSG2300P V4.X, RUGGEDCOM RSG2488 V4.X, RUGGEDCOM RSG920P V4.X: Currently no fix is available.
• (CVE-2025-41222): Restrict access to port 80/tcp, 443/tcp and 22/TCP, to trusted IP addresses only.
• (CVE-2025-41223): Configure the web client to use GCM ciphers; for list of ROS supported cipher suites refer to configuration manual.
• (CVE-2025-41224) RUGGEDCOM RMC8388NC V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RS416NCv2 V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RS416PNCv2 V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RS900GNC(32M) V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RS900NC(32M) V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RSG2100NC(32M) V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RSG2100PNC (32M) V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RSG2288NC V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RSG2300NC V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RSG2300PNC V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RSG2488NC V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RSG920PNC V5.X, RUGGEDCOM RSL910NC: Update to V5.10.0 or later version.

As a general security measure, Siemens recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. To operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends configuring the environment according to Siemens’ operational guidelines for industrial security and following recommendations in the product manuals.

Additional information on industrial security by Siemens can be found on the Siemens industrial security webpage.

For more information see the associated Siemens security advisory SSA-083019 in HTML and CSAF.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Recognize VPNs may have vulnerabilities, should be updated to the most recent version available, and are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• October 21, 2025: Initial Republication of Siemens ProductCERT SSA-083019

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 8.7
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: CloudEdge
• Equipment: CloudEdge App, CloudEdge Online Cameras
• Vulnerability: Use of Hard-coded Credentials

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to gain access to live video feed and camera control.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following CloudEdge products are known to be affected:

• CloudEdge App: Version 4.4.2

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 Improper Neutralization of Wildcards or Matching Symbols CWE-155

The CloudEdge Cloud does not sanitize the MQTT topic input, which could allow an the attacker to leverage the MQTT wildcard to receive all the messages that should be delivered to other users by subscribing to the a MQTT topic. In these messages, the attacker can obtain the credentials and key information to connect to the cameras from peer to peer.

CVE-2025-11757 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-11757. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Commercial Facilities
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: China

3.4 RESEARCHER

Ph4ng0t reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

CloudEdge and its parent company Meari Technologies did not respond to CISA’s attempts at coordination. Users of CloudEdge Cameras are encouraged to contact CloudEdge or Meari Technolgies and keep their systems up to date.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• October 21, 2025: Initial Publication